• 1x Voltage Regulator 7805
• 2x 1N4001 Diode
• 1x HT12E Encoder
• 1x HT12D Decoder
• 1 x 434MHz RF Link Transmitter Receiver kit
• 2x 1K Resistor
• 2x 3.3K Resistor
• 2x 47K Resistor
• 2x 1M Resistor
• 1X L293D Motor Driver IC
• 2x Electrolytic Cap 16V 100uF
• 4x 5mm LED
• 2x DPDT Rocker switch
• 1x 9V Battery Clip
• 1x 9V Battery
• 1x Plastic Enclosure
• 1x Robot 3-wheel Chassis kit
• 1x SPST Rocker Switch
• 1x Hook-Up Wires AWG22 Solid
• 1x 12V lithium-ion battery
• 1x breadboard (400pins)
• 1Xbreadboard (800 pins)

SPECIFICATIONS

434 Mhz Transmitter Reciever Kit

• Frequency 434 MHz
• Transmitter: Saw filter based ASK hybrid transmitter
• Transmitter supply voltage: 3~12V.R
• receiver: ASK superheterodyne receiver with PLL synthesizer and crystal oscillator.
• Receiver Supply voltage: 5V
• Receiver IF frequency: 500 kHz
• Receiver Sensitivity: -105dBm
• Receiver Supply current: 2.3mA
• Output power: 4~16dBm
• Turn on time: 20mS from power is switched on.
• Data rate 200bps to 3Kbps depending on the supply.
• Operating voltage: 5 Volts

PIN DESCRIPTION

Voltage Regulator 7805

Led

Electrolytic Capacitor

L293DE Motor Driver IC

HT12D Decoder IC

HT12E Encoder IC

434 Mhz Transmitter Receiver Kit

Transmitter PCB Layout

Receiver PCB layout

HOW TO MAKE REMOTE

Cut the Parts as given in picture above:

Remote will be shown like this

Connection made as given in picture above for DPDT Switch

CIRCUIT CONNECTION

Switch Connection

Transmitter (Remote Controller) connection

• Connect Pin 1 to 9 and pin 14 to the ground of HT12E IC
• Connect pin 16 and 15 via 1M resistor of HT12E IC
• Connect Pin 17 of HT12E to data pin of RF link transmitter and pin 18 to the +5v ( Positive rail on breadboard )
• Connect pins 10,11,12,13 to the DPDT Rocker switch (s2 and s3 as shown in the photo.
• Connect Pin 1 of RF link transmitter to GROUND and pin 3 (VCC) to +5v and connect antenna to pin 4.
• Connect the ground pin of 7805 voltage regulator to the ground ,Vin to switch s1 one point and other point to 9v battery then c1(100uf)’s positive Vin and negative to ground and then Vo to Positive rail and c2 capacitor. Positive to Vo and negative to gnd.
• 1k resistor one terminal to ground and other terminal to negative of led and positive of led to the positive rail.

Receiver (RC car) Connection

• Place the decoder IC(HT12D) the motor driver IC and the RF link receiver to the breadboard
• Connect the 1 to 9 pins of decoder IC to the ground
• Pin ten of ht12d goes to pin 2 of L293d, pin 11 goes to pin 7, pin 12 goes to pin 10 and pin 13 goes to pin 15.
• Pin 14 of ht12d goes to pin 2(data) of RF link receiver.
• Pin 15 is connected to pin 16 of HT12D via 50k resistor.
• Pin 17 is connected to 1k resistor one terminal and other terminal of resistor to the -ve of led and the positive of led to the +5v rail of breadboard.
• Pin 18 is also goes to +5v rail.
• Pin no. 1,8,9,16 of L293D goes to the +5v rail.
• Pin no. 4,5,12,13 to the ground.
• Pin 3 and 6 connected to motor m1 and pin no. 11 and 14 to the motor m2.
• All three ground pins in the RF link receiver goes to GND rail,vcc1 and vc2 to +5v rail and antenna is connected to
• Pin 8(ant).
• Now connect one 1N4001 Diode to breadboard connect Positive of diode to the one point of SPST Rocker Switch and other point of
• Switch to the 12v li ion battery positive point.
• Negative point of diode to the positive rail.

If you want to make this RC car on PCB:

TRANSISTOR 3906

• Bi-Polar PNP Transistor
• DC Current Gain (hFE) is 300 maximum
• Continuous Collector current (IC) is 200mA
• Emitter Base Voltage (VBE) is 5V
• Base Current(IB) is 5mA maximum
• Collector Emitter Voltage (VCE) is 40V
• Collector Base Voltage (VCB) is 40V
• Available in To-92 Package

LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)

A photoresistor or light dependent resistor is a component that is sensitive to light. When light falls upon it then the resistance changes. Values of the resistance of the LDR may change over many orders of magnitude the value of the resistance falling as the level of light increases.

• Can be used to sense Light
• Easy to use on Breadboard or Perf Board
• Easy to use with Microcontrollers or even with normal Digital/Analog IC
• Small, cheap and easily available
• Available in PG5 ,PG5-MP, PG12, PG12-MP, PG20 and PG20-MP series.

PIN DESCRIPTION

TRANSISTOR 3906

LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)

CIRCUIT CONNECTION

• First, we connect both the positive terminals of the BO motor with the positive terminal of 9V Battery (as given in image below).
• Now connect both the negative terminals of BO motor with the Emitter of 3906 Transistor (as given in image below).
• Connect both the LDR points with the Pin Base and Pin Collector of 3906 Transistor for further connection.
• Common connect both the Collector Pins of 3906 Transistor and then connect them to battery negative terminal (GND).
• Lastly, it should be made sure that all the circuit connections are made in an appropriate manner.

WORKING

Welcome to the Arduino Based Project LDR Controlled Smart Robot Car which consists of LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) AND 3906 Transistor. Here, the working of the robot car is being shown in which we will provide light over theLDR which changes its resistivity values and makes the motor work and it starts running. One by one you put light on the ldr the robot will start working.

Here’s the basic functionality of LDR being described. The LDR is also called a photoconductor which is basically a photocell that works on the principle of photoconductivity. The passive component is basically a resistor whose resistance value decreases when the intensity of light decreases.

This optoelectronic device is mostly used in light varying sensor circuit, and light and dark activated switching circuits.

Some of its applications include:

• Camera light meters
• Street lights
• Clock radios
• Light beam alarms
• Reflective smoke alarms
• Outdoor clocks

LDR ControlledTransistor Circuit

• Arduino Uno and USB cable – 1
• 200rpm DC Gear Motor – 4
• TSOP – 1
• L293D motor driver module – 1
• Jumper wire male to male – 40 pieces
• Jumper wire male to female – 40 pieces
• 7*4 Robotic wheel – 4
• 9V battery with DC jack – 1
• Breadboard 170 points – 1
• 12v Lithium Ion Battery – 1
• 4 Wheel Black chassis 1
• IR Remote controller – 1

SOFTWARE REQUIRED

Arduino IDE 1.8.5 (programmable platform for Arduino)

Click To Download :https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software

CIRCUIT CONNECTION

• Fix the wheels to the chassis.
• Attach the 2 motors to the back wheels and use dummies for the front.
• Make holes on the chassis and fix Arduino using screws.
• Fix the breadboard by using the double sided tape provided on it.
• Mount the L293D on the breadboard with the notch facing front.

IR Receiver Connections

Facing the notch on the receiver, the connections from left to right are

left pin-ground.

middle pin-5V.

right pin-digital pin 6 on Arduino.

Saving the IR Library

Go to the following link-

https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B621iZr0p0N_WUVmbW5kRFIxaVU

Save the files within a folder named IR remote and save the folder in the libraries directory of your Arduino IDE i.e. arduino-1.0.6>libraries folder as IR remote.

Finding Hexadecimal Values of Remote Keys

1. Upload the code in remote.ino into the Arduino

2. Open the serial monitor.

3. Press different remote keys and obtain their hexadecimal values.(Note that the values will not be obtained with 0x which represents hexadecimal also some values are obtained in middle like FFFFFFFF, ignore them).

Here I have obtained the values of the front, back,left,right and middle keys which are

front= 0x80BF53AC

back= 0x80BF4BB4

left= 0x80BF9966

right= 0x80BF837C

middle= 0x80BF738C

These values of these buttons are mapped to move front,move back,move left,move right and brake respectively.

• Take 5V and ground from Arduino and connect them to the 2 bottom rails of breadboard, thus giving a 5V and ground line.
• Pins 1,9,16 from L293D to 5V.
• Pins 4,5,12,13 from L293D to ground.
• Left motor to pins 3,6 on L293D.
• Right motor to pins 11,14 on L293D.
• Pins 2,7(for left motor)from L293D to pins 9,8 on Arduino.
• Pins 10,15(for right motor)from L293D to 10,11 pins on Arduino.
• Refer to schematics for more details.
• Note that in the schematic yellow wires represent left motor and orange wires right motor.

Interfacing Motors with L293D

After making the connections, upload the code in motor_test.ino into the Arduino.

Note that for left motor to rotate, lm,lmr should be opposite i.e HIGH and LOW or vice versa. .

Similarly for right motor to rotate, rm,rmr should be opposite i.e HIGH and LOW or vice versa.

Determine the logic levels of lm,lmr,rm,rmr for both the wheels to go forward by trial and error.

For me it was LOW,HIGH,HIGH,LOW.

Thus the inputs required to go forward are LOW,HIGH,HIGH,LOW.

Inputs required to go backward are HIGH,LOW,LOW,HIGH.

Inputs required to go right are LOW,HIGH,HIGH,HIGH(i.e. only left motor should rotate).

Inputs required to go left are HIGH,HIGH,HIGH,LOW(i.e. only right motor should rotate).

Note that values of lm,lmr,rm,rmr obtained may be different from above.

Integrating Everything

Now integrate everything i.e. both the ir receiver part and L293D part.

The schematic given above is just a combination of schematics of IR receiver and L293D.

Basically you can first make the IR connections, find hexadecimal value and without disturbing the IR connections, make the L293D connections and interface the motors with Arduino.

Step 9: Power Supply

9V powering the Arduino with positive of battery given to vin pin of Arduino and negative given to the second ground pin of Arduino

9V for Vss supply(pin 8) of l293d which is used for driving the motors(max value that can be given is 36V)

Step 10: Final Program

Upload the code given in rc_car.ino into the Arduino (provided both IR and L293D connections have been made).

The code just like the previous schematic is just an integration of remote and motor test codes i.e. the Arduino first now checks the remote key which you have pressed by obtaining its hexadecimal value ,checks what function has been mapped to that value and performs the required function through L293D

Check if the bot moves as required or not.

Go to this repository to download the code and schematics. Click on the “Clone or Download” button (green in color on the right side) and select “Download ZIP” to download the zip file. Now extract the contents on your computer to get the code and schematics (in the schematics folder).

Important instructions regarding the ir remote control robot

During motor connections you may quiet watch the connections of motors and check the proper direction of the motors in which the motor rotate so it is easy to rotate your robot.

You may also use the l293d motor driver module it is easy to use and connections and use two batteries 1 12v for motors and 9v for arduino uno.

And you will easily access the robot and you may also change some codes of motors that in which direction you may connect you will see and change the changes in codes.

CODE

https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX1vThTFmdLrLsouwnwe0qzx1sBHIvhoUhOevhYDfjp24mVH46Rk5vCVeqKCIMmn7NAzElTiWj5swK998v/pub

WORKING

This is an interactive project in which we are making an IR control Robot using IR remote interfacing with Arduino uno.

This remote controlled car can be moved around using practically any kind of remote such as TV, AC etc.

It makes use of the fact that the remote emits IR (infrared).

• A DC motor with 2 terminals
• DPDT switch with 6 terminals named as A, B, C, D, E, F
• Power Supply: 9V Battery with DC Jack – 1
• Jumper Wire (Male to Female) – 40 pieces
• Smart Robot Car Chassis – 1

SPECIFICATIONS

Double Pole Double Throw Switch Robot Module

• A DC motor has 2 terminals and a DPDT switch has 6 terminals.
• They are named as A, B, C, D, E, F.
• The power supply of 9V would be attached with the module.
• It can be executed in two rotations ,i.e, reverse rotation and forward rotation.

CIRCUIT CONNECTION

• Connect a wire between ‘A’ and ‘F’ terminals.
• Connect a wire between ‘B’ and ‘E’ terminals. (you can permanently solder the wire as shown in fig below)
• Connect the dc motor between terminals ‘A’ and ‘B’
• Connect a battery source between terminals ‘C’ and ‘D’

WORKING

In this particular module the forward push on the switch, will make motor move in forward direction and back ward push, will make the motor move in backward direction. When the switch is at centre the motor will remain off state.

• DPDT to Motor Connection

• The point ‘A’ is connected to point ‘F’ so you can solder a wire between point ‘A’ and ‘F’ .
• A motor is connected to DPDT switch between points ‘A’ and ‘B’ and power supply is connected between points ‘C’ and ‘D’ .
• Similarly points ‘B’ and ‘E’ are connected .
• As shown in figure above.

• Reverse Rotation

• When the switch is pushed in reverse direction the point ‘C’ is connected to point ‘E’ and also point ‘D’ is connected to point ‘F’ .
• Thus the motor moves in reverse direction because now the battery is connected in reverse connection to the motor.
• The equivalent circuit is provided in figure above.

• Forward Rotation

• When the switch is pushed in forward direction the point ‘A’ is connected to point ‘C’ and also point ‘B’ is connected to point ‘D’.
• Thus the motor moves in forward direction because now the battery is connected in forward connection to the motor.
• The equivalent circuit is provided in figure above.

HARDWARE REQUIRED

• Node MCU (esp82 66-12e v1.0) Wi-fi Board -1
• L298N Motor driver Module -1
• Jumper wires (male to male) – 20 pcs
• Jumper wires (male to female) – 20 pcs
• 170 pt. Breadboard -1
• Micro USB cable-1
• 1050mah rechargeable battery Li-Po battery -1 (not included in the kit)
• 2-wheel car chassis kit -1

SOFTWARE REQUIRED

Arduino IDE 1.8.10 (programmable platform for Arduino)

Click To Download: https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software

SPECIFICATIONS

L298N motor driver module

The L298N is a dual-channel H-Bridge motor driver capable of driving a pair of DC motors. That means it can individually drive up to two motors making it ideal for building two-wheel robot platforms.

NodeMCU ESP8266 CP2102 NodeMCU WIFI Serial Wireless Module

• ESP8266 CP2102 NodeMCU LUA ESP-12E WIFI Serial Wireless Module
• Built-in Micro-USB, with flash and reset switches, easy to program
• Full I/O port and Wireless 802.11 supported, direct download no need to reset
• Arduino compatible works great with the latest Arduino IDE/Mongoose IoT/Micro python

LIBRARY & APPLICATION REQUIRED

Before uploading the code, must install this library:

Liquid Crystal – https://drive.google.com/open?id=14CpOZPTgmPcHedB1oDqeTVFI4eMwMcf7

RTClib – https://drive.google.com/open?id=1AxQfcdvPMK37FLtGTzzdTTGBCBBH58mX

Wire – https://drive.google.com/open?id=1Ej-R75OikJAlHrj275zYvKNzDN3cm0zi

After downloading all these libraries go to sketch -> include libraries -> add .zip libraries

APPLICATION

Mert Arduino for robot car

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1K60pbblXTMkD7c6GsYpvLepKlQ2blL0k

HOW TO INSTALL ESP BOARDS

CIRCUIT CONNECTION

• Connect the ENA pin of the L298N Motor Driver module to D5 pin of the NodeMCU board.
• Connect ENB pin of L298N Motor Driver Module to D6 pin of NodeMCU board.
• Connect the IN1 pin of the L298n motor driver module to the D8 pin of the NodeMCU board.
• Connect the IN2 pin of the L298n motor driver module to the D7 pin of the NodeMCU board.
• Connect the IN3 pin of the L298n motor driver module to the D4 pin of the NodeMCU board.
• Connect the IN4 pin of the L298n motor driver module to the D3 pin of the NodeMCU board.
• Connect the GND pin of the L298n motor driver module to the GND pin of the NodeMCU board.
• Connect VCC pin of L298n motor driver module to Vin pin of NodeMCU board.

CODE

Before uploading the code, you need to check the IP address that we will enter in the application Mert Arduino

Check IP address

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1vAT2aV5I8pp43TyAiBd5Z4ZkGsRQ4gXd

after uploading check out the serial monitor where you will get the IP address, now enter this Ip address to the application.

Now, upload the main code

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1XaUXA_IjslnF68XQNb8Xd4ab6fJFjiDB

WORKING AND OUTPUT

• After uploading the code, open the application.
• The wi-fi address for the phone and board should be the same.
• The operating system of the smart mobile phone in android we develop a remote control program. The program connected with wi-fi to communicate with the robot. Wireless control is the most important basic needs of all people. Wireless network-controlled robots use wi-fi modules.
• Arduino blue control android application will transmit command using wi-fi to the car so that it can move in the required direction like moving forward, reverse, turning left, turning right and stop.

• Arduino Uno with USB cable – 1
• 4-Channel IR Array- 1
• Jumper wires (male to male ) – 40 pieces
• Jumper wires (male to female ) – 40 pieces
• 9V Battery – 2
• Snapper with DC Jack – 1
• Snapper – 1
• Breadboard 170 points – 1
• L293D Motor Driver Module – 1
• Two Wheel Car Chassis – 1

As the light reflectivity is different when the light is emitting on the white and black items. It uses the photoresistor to tell if the smart car is on the right way or not. Smart tracking car can discriminate the direction automatically so that they can run freely along the black tracking line.

Features:

Photosensitive resistance device-

This is light-sensitive resistance, it can detect the external light intensity, the stronger the outside light photosensitive resistance resistance is, the outside light resistance is greater when the red LED light is projected on a white and black runway because the reflection rate is different, the resistance value of the light-sensitive resistance will occur obvious difference for subsequent circuit control.

LM393 comparator integrated circuit-

LM393 is a dual voltage comparator integrated circuit, which consists of two independent precision voltage comparators. its role compare the two input voltage, based on the level of the two input voltage changes the level of output voltage. The output has two states: close to open or close to the low level, LM393 uses open collector output, so it is necessary to add the pull resistance to the output high level.

DC motor with gear reduction-

DC motor drive the car needs to slow down, otherwise to speed up the car, then run too fast not control, and the deceleration torque is too small and cannot run up. We specialize in the custom of this type of motor is integrated with the reduction gear and greatly reduces the manufacturing difficulty is very suitable for our use.

How to Assemble:

First Step: Circuit part of the basic welding-

The welding circuit part is relatively simple, the welding sequence according to the element height from low to high, the first 8 resistance welding, welding must use a multimeter to confirm whether the proper welding resistance, polar components such as transistors, green lights, definitely clear electrolytic capacitor polarity as reference element we are photo welding, welding capacitor short is the negative side of the insertion pin PCB screen printing shadow, green welding LED note long pin is positive, and the welding is not too long or easy bad welding, D4 D5 R13 R14 can temporarily do not weld, the integrated circuit chip can be inserted, preliminary after completion of welding check carefully prevent, be negligent.

Second Step: Mechanical assembly-

The universal wheel screw is inserted into the PCB hole, and screwed into the universal wheel nut and a universal wheel. the battery box is stuck on the PCB by the double adhesive tape, the lead wire passes the PCB reserved Kong Han received PCB, the red line is connected with the 3 V positive power supply and the yellow line is connected to the ground.

Mechanical part and assembly can be mounted first wheels, wheel consists of three pieces of black acrylic round tablets, assembly prior to exposing the protective film, the inside of the wheel’s centre hole grows circular hole, middle of the round plate diameter is relatively small, lateral wheel piece centre hole Shiyuan, with two screw nuts fixed set good three round tablets, and black self-tapping screws fixed on the rotating shaft of the engine. Finally the silicone rubber tire sleeve on the wheel. Lead connection lead wire of the motor and the wheel assembly is the use of the glue on the PCB making position, attention wheels and the PCB edge retaining sufficient clearance, the motor leads are soldered to the PCB. Note that adequately longer lead, to avoid the motor rotation direction error is convenient for changing the lead wire of the order.

Third Step: The installation of optoelectronic circuits-

Photosensitive resistance and light-emitting diode (attention polarity) is the reverse installed on the PCB, and the ground distance of about 5mm, and the distance between the light-sensitive resistance and light-emitting diode is also about 5mm. Finally can pass electrical test.

Fourth Step: Vehicle debugging-

In the battery box in 2 AA batteries, switches to dial in the “on”, the car driving right reverse is travelling along the direction of the universal wheel, if hold the left side of the photosensitive resistance, the car to the right of the wheel rotation, Keep to the right of photosensitive resistance, the left side of the car wheel must turn, if car travel back can exchange connection of two motors at the same time. as one of the normal backs on the other side as long as the exchange of the rear of the motor can be wiring.

Features:

• Uses L298N driver module, real isolation to MCU
• Three groups of hunt module(detects black and white lines), higher accuracy
• The infrared remote communication module, composed of the smart car is remote control system
• Bluetooth wireless communication module (short-range wireless remote control)
• With economic and environmentally-friendly rechargeable battery and charger(battery not included)
• Can be equipped with a variety of sensor modules, depending on your imagination to achieve a variety of functions

Package Included:

• 4 x Geared motor
• 4 x Tyre
• 4 x Motor fixing
• 2 x Acrylic glass plate(100 x 213 x 5mm)
• 1 x L298N motor driver
• 1 x UNO328 controller board
• 1 x Sensor board V5
• 1 x Holder kit
• 1 x Steering gear
• 1 x Ultrasonic module
• 3 x Line inductive module
• 1 x Infrared receiver module
• 1 x MCU remote control
• 1 x 18650 battery holder
• 2 x 18650 battery
• 1 x 18650 battery charger
• 1 x bluetooth adapter
• 1 x USB cable(0.5m)
• 30 x Dupont line
• 15 x Pillars(6 x 35mm / 3 x 20mm / 6 x 6mm)
• All necessary screws and nut 

Robobloq Qoopers 6 in 1 can be easily operated through the Robobloq App, graphical programmed based on Scratch 3.0 and levelled up to the advanced program learning of Python and Arduino on PC MyQode software. More than 30 kinds of sensors and electronic modules, including light-sensitive, gyroscope, multipath, temperature, sound, colour etc.

Robobloq Qoopers 6 in 1 coding kits are 100% compatible with all major Mechanical Building Block sets. Robobloq App is also compatible with both the IOS and Android systems. Our PC MyQode software also applies to plenty of systems including Windows, macOS and Chrome OS system.

Features:

• Remote Control by App: Download the Robobloq app to realize Qoopers’s remote control, and give diverse and self-written instructions for Qoopers to execute, turn left or move forward. The full tutorial videos are available on the Robobloq YouTube Channel.
• Obstacle Avoidance: Equipped with an intelligent ultrasonic sensor, Robobloq Qoopers 6 in 1 can detect and avoid any objects in front of it. Qoopers are smart and strong so players don’t need to worry that they will get hurt or hit their furniture. Just enjoy the play!
• Music Mode: Let Robobloq Qoopers 6 in 1 sing a song for you, play the basic musical notes in the app or choose a song from the music library. Get the party started with Qoopers by matching it with its other functions!
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Specifcations:

• Voltage: DC3-6V
• Reduction Ratio 1:48
• Size: 4 Wheel Robot Car

Features:

• 4WD Smart Car Chassis is very Easy to Assemble
• High-Quality Laser cut Acrylic Plates
• High Quality Wheels and BO Motors with Dual Straight Shaft
• Precise Nut-bolts and Spacers